The Best Somali Linguists in the Western Hemisphere

Posted by: Somali Linguists Network | October 1, 2009

Certified Somali Interpreter in Ohio. E-mail: ohirsia@hotmail.com

For quick assignments, please call: (614) 556 0059

Adam O’Hirsi, the author of The Somali Court Interpreter and others at The Best…. are simply The Best Somali Linguists in the Western…

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Posted by: Somali Linguists Network | May 6, 2009

ENGLISH-SOMALI MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY MANUAL

ohirsia@hotmail.com

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

[HABDHISKA XIDIDDADA IYO WADNAHA]

Anatomy



Heart [Wadne]



Pericardium [Dahaadhka Wadnaha]



Atrium [Garka sare ee wadnaha]



Ventricle [Garka hoose ee wadnaha]



Vein [Xidid]



Artery [Halbowle]



Septum [Galka xubnaha]



Heart Valve [Dhegyarta wadnaha]



Physiology

Coronary Arteries [Halbowleyaasha wadnaha]



Pacemaker [Ekeeye]



Diastole [Cokinta wadnaha]



Systole [Oominta wadnaha]



Pulse [Jugleynta]



Pathology

Blood Pressure [Cadaadiska Dhiigga]



Hypertension [Dhiig kacsanaan]



Ischemic Heart Disease/Coronary Artery Disease [Cudurka Halbowleyaasha Wadnaha]



Angina Pectoris [Xanuunka laf-wadneedka]



Myocardial Infarction/Heart Attack [Wadne wareen]



Arrhythmia [Wadne gariir]



Congestive Heart Failure [Wadne istaag cabbudhideed]



Cardiomyopathy [Muruq-wadne xanuun]



Valvular Stenosis [Dhegyar-wadne xanuun]



Valvular Regurgitation [Dhiig hunqaac dhegyareed]



Rheumatic Fever [Qandho tufeed]



Tetralogy of Fallot [Wadne dumis/qaab lumin]



Transposition of Great Arteries [Qayiranka Halbowleyaasha Waaweyn]



Cyanosis [Maqaar gaddoon]



Coarctation of the Aorta [Halbowlaha wadnaha oo dhuubnaan ku dhasha]



Diagnostic

Patent ductus Arteriosus (PDA) [Xididka sambabka ee dhallaan oo xirmi waaya]



Cholesterol [Kolestarool]



Electrocardiogram [Wadne-cabbirid]



Angiography [Raajaynta unugyada dhiigga]



Holter Monitor [Dhawraha Joojiyaha]



Cardiac Stress Testing [Cabbiridda Cadaadiska Wadnaha]



Coronary Catheterization [Katiitaraynta Wadnaha]



Echocardiogram [Cabbirka Hirjabaqeedda Wadnaha]



Computed Tomography (CAT scan or CT scan) [Kaat-iskaan]



Treatments

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) [ Sawiridda Sugnaanta Birlabeed/Em Aar Aay]



Diuretics (Water Pills) [Kaniin Biyood]



Anticoagulant (Blood thinner) [Khafiifshe Dhiig]



Antiobiotic [Antibiyootig]



Coronary Angioplasty [Dhiig u furidda wadnaha]



Coronary Artery Bypass [Dabamarinta Halbowlaha Wadnaha]



Valvuloplasty [Dhegyar Cinjireed]



Heart Transplant [Wadni ku tallaalid]



Stent Replacement [Beddelidda Tif-hayaha]



Common Terms

Pericardiocentesis [Hoor bixinta Dahaadhka Wadnaha



Aneurysm [Halbowle ballaarta]



Atheroma [Halbowle ay xaydhu xirto]



Atherosclerosis [Xanuunka xaydh-xiridda halbowlaha]



Bradycardia [Gaabinta garaaca wadnaha]



Bruit [Jabaqda dhiig-wareegga]



Capillary [Unug-yaraha dhiigga]



Cardiologist [Wadneyahan]



Cath lab [Shaybaarka katiitarinta]



Chamber of the heart [Godanka wadnaha]



Defibrillation [Shagax-tiridda wadnaha]



Deoxygenated blood [Dhiig aan Ogsijiin lahayn]



Embolus



Fainting [Suuxid]



Fibrilation [Xinjir xiran]



Galop rhythm [Jaanqaadka Garaaca]



High density Lipoprotein (HDL)/good cholesterol [Libobratiin sare/kolastarool wacan]



Infarction [Falliir]



Low density Lipoprotein (LDL)/Bad cholesterol[Libobratiin hoose/kolastarool xun]



Palpitation [Wadne shagaxsan/wax ka khaldan yihiin]



Phlebitis [Gubashada derbiga xididka]



Plaque [Dabar ilkaha ah]



Pulse Oximeter [Tirshaha Jugleynta]



Shock [Shoog]



Stethoscope [Istaatoskoob]



RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

[HABDHISKA NEEFSASHADA]

Anatomy

Thrombus [Xinjir caqabad ah]



Sinuses [Sambuuqada]



Pharynx [Cunaha]



Larynx [Qurqurka]



Epiglottis [Salka cunaha]



Trachea [Halcadka]



Bronchi [Hawo-mareenka]



Bronchioles [Laamaha hawo-mareenka]



Alveoli [Laan-dambeedyada hawo-mareenka]



Lungs [Sambabbada]



Thorax [Ubacda]



Diaphragm [Muruq-weynaha isku xira]



Physiology

Pleura [Saabka sambabbada]



Inspiration [Neef-qaadashada sambabbada]



Pathology

Expiration [Neef-saaridda sambabbada



Hypoxemia [Oksijiinta dhiigga oo yaraata]



Rhinitis [Samboor]



Pahryngitis [Cune-xanuun]



Sinusitis [Sambuuqo xanuun]



Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) [Xanuunka Laabta oo Cufan]



Emphysema [Xanuunka laamaha sambabbada]



Chronic Bronchitis [Burukiito waarta]



Asthma [Neef]



Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome [Xanuun Daran oo Neefsiga ku Dhaca]



Pulmonary Edema [Laab Barar]



Cystic Fibrosis [Sambab-galeenka la kala dhaxlo]



Pulmonary Embolism [Xinjiroobidda Murqo-laabeedyada]



Pulmonary Hypertension [Dhiig-kaca Laabta]



Sleep Apnea [Isliib Abniya]



Lung Cancer [Kansarka Sambabka]



Tuberculosis (TB) [Qaaxo TB]



Pneumonia [Wareento]



Pneumothorax [Ubac-wareen]



Bronchiolitis [Xanuunka hawo-mareennada]



Croup [Cune-barar qufac daran leh]



Foreign Body Aspiration [Xumaashada Neefsiiyaha]



Diagnostics

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) [Xanuunka Carruurta Judhiiba Dhimata]



Pulmonary Function Test/Spyrometry [Baaridda Shaqada Laabta]



Chest X-ray [Xabad Raajayn]



Biopsy [Baayobsi]



Bronchoscopy [Sambab sawirid]



Pulmonary Angiography [Cabbiridda Xanuunka Laabta



PPD (Tuberculosis skin test) [Baaridda Maqaarka ee Qaaxada]



Treatments

Sputum culture [Abuuridda Candhuufta]



Bronchodilators [Laamo-sambabeed furayaasha]



Steroids [Isteeroydyo]



Tracheostomy [Luqun-ka neefsi u duleelin]



Mechanical Ventilation/Breathing Machine [Mashiinka Neefsiga]



Oxygen Therapy [Oksajiin ku daweyn]



Endotracheal Intubation [Tuubba-gelinta Neefwalaha]



Chemotherapy [Kiimiyoterabi/kiimiko ku daweyn]



Radiotherapy [Raadiyoterabi/shucaac ku daweyn]



Common terms

Inhaler [Neefshe]



Bronchoalveolar lavage [Sambab dheecaan ka soo qaadid]



Exhale [Neef bixin]



Wheezing [Xiiqlayn]



Hypersensitivity [Dhiig-kac u nuglaansho]



Inhale [neef qaadasho]



Intubation [tuubayn]



Kyphosis [Janjeerisada lafdhabarta]



Mucus [Xab]



Nebulizer [Neef-siiye]



Phlegm [Xaako]



Respiration [Neefsiga kor iyo hoos]



Shortness of Breath [Hawo helid xumo]



Sneezing [Hindhisood]



Stridor [Jabaqda hiraanhirka]



Surfactant [Qooye]



DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

[HABDHISKA DHEF-SHIIDKA]

Anatomy

Windpipe [Hawa-qaadaha/halmadowga]



Organ [Xubin]



Gland [Qanjir]



Mouth [Af]



Salivary Glands [Qanjirrada Dhareerka]



Pharynx [Cunaha]



Esophagus [Cunto-mareenka]



Stomach [Caloosha]



Small intestine [Mindhicirka yar]



Large intestine [Mindhicirka weyn]

·

Cecum [Saxaro mareenka]

·

Appendix [Qabsin]

·

Colon [Xiidan]

·

Rectum [Malawadka]



Anus [Futada]



Liver [Beerka]



Gallbladder [Xamaytida]

·

Bile [Hoorka dheefshiidka]



Pancreas [Beeryare]



Physiology

Sphincter [Xadhigga malawadka]



Ingestion [Dheef-qaadadka]



Digestion [Dheef shiidid]



Absorption [Dhuuqid]



Defecation (Bowel movement) [Saxaroosho]



Stool (Feces) [Saxaro]



Pathology

Peristalsis [Hab-dhaca murqaha dheefshiidka]



Esophageal Tumor [Buro Cuntomareenka]



Esophagitis [Cuntomareen xanuun]



Food Poisoning [Cunto sumow]



Gastric Tumor [Buro Calooleed]



Peptic Ulcer Disease [Cudurka Boogaysiga Xaaluf-calooleedka]

·

Gastric Ulcer [Boog Calooleed]

·

Duodenal Ulcer [Boogaysi Calooleed]



Gastritis [Gaasririg]



Gastroenteritis [Hargab Calooleed]



Vomiting [Matagid]



Heart burn/Acid Reflux [Laab-jeex]



Irritable Bowel Syndrome [Xanuunka Calool-Hurka]



Colitis [Huridda Mindhicirka Weyn]



Colon Cancer [Kansarka Xiidanka]



Polyp [Tif-qaad baaritaaneed]



Diverticula [Xubin bararta/weynaata]



Diverticulosis [Gubashada Bararista]



Inflammation [Gubasho]



Diverticulitis [Weynaan cudureed]



Appendicitis [Gubasho xiidmaha]



Intestinal Obstruction [Qabsin Mindhicireed]



Hemorrhoids [Baabasiir]



Cholangitis [Caabuq marinka hoorka dheefshiidka]



Cholecystitis [Xanuun daran oo derbiga



Gallstones [Kelli-dhagax]



Hepatitis [Cagaarshow]



Jaundice [Joonis/ cagaarow]



Cirrhosis [Beer mariil ah]



Liver Cancer [Kansarka Beerka]



Hernia [Eerno/sheelo]



Hiatal Hernia [Eerno/sheelo sare]



Pancreatitis [Xanuunka xamaytida]



Pancreatic Cancer [Kansarka Xamaytida]



Perforation [Gidaar-calooleed daldolooshama]



Peritonitis [Belbelka xuub-saabeedka organnada ku dahaaran]



Constipation [Dibbiro]



Diarrhea [Shuban]



Tracheoesophageal Fistula [Iskuxiraha hawo iyo cunto mareenka]



Imperforate Anus [Walawadka oo xirraan ku dhasha]



Gastroschisis [Xubno-jireedka hoose oo bannaanka ubacda ku dhasha]



Diagnotics

Omphalocele [Xubno jireedka hoose oo si dhantaalan u dhasha]



Ultrasound [Uultarasoon]



Endoscopy [Indooskabi]



Gastroscopy [Calool-baar]



Colonoscopy [Xiidme-baar]



Rectosigmoidoscopy [Malawad qalab ku-baaris]



Laparoscopy [Qalliin daloollo yar-yar]



Barium Swallow [Baaridda liqidda Baariyum]



Treatments

Barium Enema [Raajaynta mindhicirka weyn]



Antacids [Lid asiidh]



Laxatives [Laasatiibo]



Fiber [Tinuur]



Antibiotics [Antibiyootig]



Enema [Ineema]



Terms

Enzyme Replacement [Insaym beddelid]



Abdomen [Ubac]



Anal Fissure [Futo qawrar]



Ascitis [Ubac-wareen]



Colostomy [Saxaro weecin]



Duodenal Atresia [Calool yar ku dhalasho]



Dyspepsia [Dheefshiid xumo]



Esophageal Varices [Tifxabeedka cunto mareenka]



Upper GI series [Taxanaha mindhicir-calooleedka sare]



Feeding tube [Tuubbada quudinta]



Fistula [Xubin lammaansane]



Gastric Lavage [Calool nadiifin]



Gastroenterologist [Dheefshiidyahan]



Gastroesophageal reflux disease [Cudurka gaddoonka calool-hunguriga]



Hyperbilirubinema [Beer xanuunka ay keento biliruubinta xad-dhaafka ah]



Bilirubin [Biliruubiin]



Ileostomy [Xiidan-furji]



Internist [Dhakhtar daawooyinka gudaha ah]



Intussusception [Midhicir duubmid]



Melena [Milliina]



Nausea [Lallabbo]



Peritoneal lavage [Xundhur dhaqid]



Portal Hypertension [Dhiig-kicidda xididka xajaha]



Pyloric stenosis [Xiidan dhuuqsan]



Sitz bath [Biyo ulasho]



Upset stomach [Dibbiro]



Vagotomy {goynta neerfaha faagus]



URINARY SYSTEM

[HABDHISKA KAADIMAREENKA]

Anatomy

Volvulus [Calool sharan]



Kidney [Kelli]



Urinary tract [Kaadi mareen]



Ureter [kaadi wale]



Bladder [Kaadi hays]



Urethra [Kaadi bixiye]



Physiology

Renal Pelvis [Nudka kaadida ee kellida]



Urine [Kaadi]



Pathology

Hidration [Biyo helid]



Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) [Caabuqa Kaadi Mareenka]

·

Cystitis [Kaadi-hays belbel]

·

Urethritis [Xanuun ku dhaca kaadi baxshaha]



Urinary Incontinence [Kaadi ceshan kari waa]



Urinary Tract obstruction [Xannibka Kaadi Mareenka]



Hydronephrosis [Kelli barar]



Bladder Cancer [Kansarka kaadi haysta]



Diabetes Insipidus [Kelyo aan biyaha ceshan karayn]

·

Antidiuretic hormone [biyo xad-dhaaf ah iyo soodiyam yar]



Kidney stones [Dhagax kelliyeed]



Renal colic [Kelyo belbel]



Nephritis [Kelyo xanuun]



Pyelonephritis [Kelyo iyo kaadi mareen belbel]



Renal Failure [Kelyo hawl gaba]

·

Acute [cudur madax adag]

·

Chronic [Cudur aan baxayn]



Renal Artery stenosis [Xidhanka Halbowlaha kelyaga dhiigga siiya]

·

Dhuubasho



Bed wetting/Enuresis {isku kaadjid]



Horseshoe kidney [Kelli ku dhalata qaab aan hufnayn]



Renal Agenesis [Hal kelli ama kelyo la’aan lagu dhasho]



Diagnostics

Polycystic kidney [Kelyo barar la kala dhaxlo]



Sample of urine [Saami kaadi]



Urianalisis [Kaadi-baarid]



Treatments

Intravenous pyelogram [Kelyo raajayn]



Nephrectomy [Kelli bixin]



Extracorporeal wave lithotripsy [dhagax kelliyeed lagu jajabiyo laysar]



Angioplasty [Qalliiinka xidid waasicinta]



Terms

Dialysis



Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) [Naytaroojiinta Yuuriyada Dhiigga]



Creatinine [Abla’ablaynta kareetiin]



Electrolytes [Kiimiko baaritaaneed]



Glomerulonephritis [Belbelka bu’da kellida]



Nephritic syndrome [Xanuunno kox ah oo kelyaha ku dhaca]



Nephrotic Syndrome [Kelyaha oo borotiin iyo duxba liiga]



REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

[HABDHISKA TARANKA]

Anatomy

Urinary catheter/foley catheter [Katiitarka kaadida]



Penis [Gus]



Testis [Xaniin]



Scrotum [Gumaar]



Vas deferens [Saabka xiniinyaha]



Prostate [Shuunleyda dhinaca hoose]



Epydidymis [Xanuun xaniinyaha ku tacalluqa]



Seminal vesicle [Mani gudbiyeyaasha]



Spermatozoid [unogyada manida]



Uterus/womb [Ilmo-galeen/min]



Cervix [Marinka sare ee ilmogaleenka]



Fallopian tubes/uterine tubes [Dhuumaha faloob]



Ovaries [Ugxan sideyaasha dumarka]



Vagina [Siil]



Vulva [Daamanka siilka]



Clitoris [Kintir]



Physiology

Egg/Ovule [Ugxanta dumarka]



Testosterone [Testostaroon]



Estrogen [Istarojiin]



Pathology

Menstrual cycle/period [Wareegga caadada]



Mastitis [Naaso belbel]



Cyst [Kolan]



Fibrocystic breast change [Beddelka naaso-balaqsanaanta]



Breast lump [Buro naasaha ah]



Fibroadenoma [Buruq-naas]



Breast cancer [Kansar naasood]



Oophoritis [Ugxan-side belbel]



Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome [Cudurka Juxanka Ugxansidaha]



Salpingitis [Ugxan-side belbel]



Uterine fibroid [Buruq ilmogaleen]



Endometriosis [Xidid habow]



Endometrial cancer [Kansar ilmo-galeen]



Ectopic pregnancy [Uur bannaan-yaal]



Infertility [Ma dhalnimo]



Vaginitis [Siil xanuun]



Yeast infection [Caabuq yiisto]



Erectile dysfunction [Kacsan waa raga ah]



Varicocele [Dhiig qoodho xire ah]



Testicular cancer [Kansar xaniinyaha]



Prostatitis [Xanuun gumaarre]



Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia [Qooro bukaar]



Sexually Transmitted disease (STD) [Cudurrada Galmada lagu kala Qaado]



Chlamydia [Kalamiidhiya]



Gonorrhea [Jabto]



Syphilis [Waraabow]



Pelvic Inflammatory disease [Xauunka gubashada Gudaha]



Herpes Simplex [Cabeebshow]



Crabs [Kuraabi]



HIV [HIV]



AIDS [AIDS]



Human Papillomavirus (HPV) [Fayruska Waraabeeyaha]



Genital warts [Jabto Juuc]



Cervical Cancer [Kansarka ilmo-mareenka]



Cryptorchidism/Undescended testicle [Raytool]



Diagnostic

Ambiguos genitalia [Labeebid]



Speculum examination [jeegaan-baaris]



Mammogram [Naaso cabbir]



Colposcopy [Gudebbaar]



Hysteroscopy [Furaan dhawr]



Hysterosalpingogram [Furaan cabbir]



Pap smear [Bab ismiir]



PSA [PSA]



Digital Pelvic exam [Gude-baaris dijitaal ah]



Treatment

Digital Rectal exam [Xiidan baaris dijitaal ah]



ahayn]

Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [Dawooyinka aan belbelinin een isteeroydhka



Antifungal cream [Xaydha fungiga disha]



Birth control pills [Kaniinnada dhalidda xakameeya]



Hormone Replacement therapy [Daweynta beddelidda hoormoonka]



Tubal ligation [Faloob xirid]



Mastectomy [Naas goyn]



Hysterectomy [Ilmaggaleen bixin]



Terms

Dilation & Curettage (D&C) [Ballaarin & sakamid]



Abstinence [Iska-dhawrid galmada]



Chancroid [Kanrooydh]



Circumcision [Gudniin]



Condom [Cinjirka laysku waso]



Contraceptive Method [Dariiqada Uurdhawridda]



Culdocentesis [Tuduc-siil baarid]



Delivery [Dhalid]



Diaphragm [Qallac lid-rimay ah]



Epidural Anesthesia [suuxin dhalineed]



Epispadia [gus-laal]



Forceps [Qabadaha]



Hirsutism [tindhaaf dumarka ku dhaca]



Hot flashes [Hurriinka caado baxa]



Impotence [Ciniinnimo]



Intrauterine Device (IUD) [Ilmo-galeen awde]



Lactation [Nuujin]



Menopause [Caado bax]



Nipple discharge [Ib tifiq]



Nipple [Ib]



Ovulation [Ugxayn]



Self breast exam [Is-naas baarid]



Trichomoniasis [Jabto-naageed]



Vaginal discharge [Ka soo baxaya siilka]



Vasectomy [Korminta]



OBSTETRICS

[HOOYADA IYO DHALLAANKA]

Terms

Virilization [Ninnimo]



Obstetrics [Hooyada iyo dhallaanka]



Fertilization/Conception [Uur-qaadis]



Embryo [Jiniin]



Fetus [Uurjiif]



Hormones [Hoormoonno]



Pregnancy [Uuurnimada]



Prenatal period [Dhalidda ka hor]



Postnatal period [Xilliga dhalidda ka dambeeya]



Postpartum [Dhalidda ka dib]



Anatomy

Puerperium [Ummulitaanka]



Amniotic sac [Dahaarka madheerta]



Amniotic fluid [Hoorka madheerta]



Placenta [Mandheerta]



Physiology

Umbilical cord [Xuddunta]



Contractions [Nabarrada foosha]



Labor pain [Xanuunka foosha]



Spotting [Dhibcayn]



Water broke [Biyo dillaaca]



Pathology

Dilation [Ballaarin]



Abortion [Soo ridis]



Miscarriage [Dhicin]



Premature birth [Dhalasho dhicis]



Ectopic pregnancy [Uur duleed]



Preeclampsia [Kalamsiya hore]



Eclampsia [Kalamsia]



Gestational Diabetes [Sokorow uurrey]



Chorioamnionitis [Min belbel]



Molar pregnancy/Hydatid mole [Uurjiif shuuq]



Placenta previa [Madheer duleed]



Placental abruption [Kala go’ madheereer]



Baby blues [Buufis umuloow]



Postpartum depression [Hiyikac umulow]



Diagnostics

Postpartum psychosis [Waalli umulow]



Pregnancy test [Uur baarid]



Ultrasound [Uultarasoon]



Amniocentesis [Ilmogaleen baarid]



Treatments

Fetal monitoring [La socodka uurjiifka]



Dilation and curettage (D & C) [Ballaarin & sakamid]



Induction [Foolin]



Antibiotics [Antibiyootig]



Nipple shield [Gaashaanka ibta]



Epidural anesthesia [Suuxinta foolinta]



Episiotomy [Isu-goyn]



Other terms

Caesarean section (C-section) [Cunug ku qalid]



Breastfeeding [Nuujin]



Delivery [Dhalmo]



Due date [Goorta la filayo dhalashada



Term (full term, preterm, post-term) [Waqti (waqti dhan, ka hor waqti, ka dib waqti]



Infertility [Ma dhashannimo]



Multipara [Ilmooley]



ENDOCRINE

[HOORMOOYIN]

Anatomy

Stillbirth [Meyd-dhalasho]



Pituitary gland [Qanjirka hoormoonwalaha]



Thyroid gland [Qanjirka taayrooydh]



Parathyroid gland Qayjirka barayaayrooydh]



Adrenal gland [Qanjirka adrenal]



Physiology

Pancreas [Xamayti]



Iodine [Ayoodhiin]



Calcium [Kaalshiyam]



Phosphorus [Foosfaras]



Body temperature [Heerkulka jirka]

·

Fever [Qandho]

·

Pathology

Hypothermia [Heerkul dhicid]



Hypopituitarism [Cilin-goborrenimo]



Diabetes Insipidus [Oon-quban]



Acromegaly [Aad u weynaan]



Gigantism [Aad u dheeraan]



Pituitary tumor [Burada qanjirka hibofisis]



Prolactinoma [Burada godalka]



Hypothyroidism[Tayroodh macduun ah]



Hyperthyroidism [Tayroodh xad-dhaaf ah]



Thyroid tumor [Burada Tayroodh]



Hypoparathyroidism [Sii-deynta Baratayroodh aad u yar]



Hyperparathyroidism [Sii-deynta Baratayroodh xad-dhaaf ah]



Parathyroid tumor [Burada Baratayroodh]



Goiter [Doobbo]



Adrenal Insufficiency [Adrenaal li’i]



Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia [Qasan hoormoono iyo xubno]



Cushing’s Disease [Cudurka kashin]



Syndrome [Maral]



Diagnosis

Adrenal Adenoma [Burada adrenal]



Glucose Blood test [Baaridda Gulukoosta Dhiigga]



Glucometer [Gulukoos-beeg]



Treatment

Fine Needle Aspiration [Maqaar-baar]



Insulin [Insuliin]



Hormone replacement therapy [Daweynta hoormoon beddelidda]



Terms

Steroids [Isteeroydh]



Adrenaline/Epinephrine [Ibbinafriin]



Endocrinologist [Hoormoonyahan]



ENT & EYE

[ENT iyo ISHA]

Terms

Hypoglycemia [Sokorow cayn ah]



Anatomy

Ear, Nose & Throat Doctor (ENT Doctor) [Dhakhtarka Dhegta, Sanka iyo Cunaha]



External Ear [Dhegta kore]



Middle Ear [Dheg-dhexada]



Inner ear [Dhegta gudaha]



Cochlea [Maqal-qabadka dhegta]



Ear drum [Durbaanka dhegta]



Eustachian tube [Xidid-codlaha]



Nose [Sanka]



Nostrils [Dulalka sanka]



Nasal septum [Dulbare]



Throat [Cunaha]



Larynx [Sanduuqa codka]



Vocal cords [Nud-codeedyada]



Epiglottis [Hilb dalqe]



Eye [Il]



Cornea [Liifka isha]



Sclera [Saabka isha]



Pupil [Wiilka isha]



Lens [Muraayadda aragga]



Iris [Birta isha]



Retina [Bu’da isha]



Pathology

Optic Nerve [Neerfaha obtigga]



Otitis [Caabuq dhegeed]



Hearing loss [Maqli waa]



Presbyacusis [Da’ la-maqliwaa]



Cerumen plug (Ear wax plug) [Dhukayga dhegta]



Foreign body in the ear [Shay qalaad oo gala dhegta]



Vertigo [Diidis/sirir]



Rhinitis [Samboor]



Nose bleed [Goror]



Laringitis [Booc-olol]



Hoarseness [Xabeeb]



Nearsightedness/Myopia [Dhawaan arag]



Farsightedness/Hyperopia [Kor ka arag]



Presbyopia [Dhawan-arkiwaa]



Astigmatismo [Fogaan-arkiwaa]



Blurry vision [Hamagsi]



Strabism/crossed eyes [Weershe]



Diplopia/double vision [Laba-arag]



Macular degeneration [Arag daciifid]



Glaucoma [Gulukooma]



Cataracts [Il-waxar]



Conjunctivitis/Pink eyes [Daaf]



Diagnosis

Stye [Il-buro]



Otoscopy



Ophthalmoscopy



Rhinoscopy



Treatments

Laryngoscopy



Eye drops [Goojada indhaha]



Artificial tears [Illin macmal ah]



Allergy medicine/antihistamines [Daawada xasaasiyadda]



Glasses [Muraayado]



Contact lens [Muraayadaha aragga]



Terms

Lasik eye surgery [Il-qalidda sanaaciga ah]



Adams apple [Qurqur]



Allergy [Alleerji/xasaasiyad]



Audiologist [Maqalyahan/Dhakhtarka maqalka]



Bifocal [Muraayadaha aragga oo laba bedle ah]



Color blind [Midab ka indhoole]



Congested [Cabbudhay]



Decongested [Furmay]



Earache [Dheg xanuun]



Eye dropper [Goojo Ileed]



Gingiva/Gums [Cirridka]



Gingivitis [Cirrid belbel]



Hearing test/Audiometry [Baarid maqal]



Palate [Dhabxannag]



Postnasal drip [Sanqalaal boodh]



Snore [Khuuro]



Sore throat [Cune belbel/xanuun]



Strep throat [Cune belbel]



Uvula [Dalqada]

HEMATHOLOGY, ONCOLOGY & IMMUNOLOGY

[BARASHADA DHIIGGA, BUROOYINKA & ADKAYSIGA JIRKA]

Anatomy & Physiology



Bone Marrow [Dhuux]



Blood [Dhiig]



Blood Cells [Unugyada dhiigga]

·

Red Blood cells/Erythrocytes [Unugyada dhiigga cas-cas]

·

White blood cells/Leukocytes [Unugyada dhiigga ee cad-cad]

·

Platelets/Thrombocytes [Nud-dhiig]



Plasma [Balaasma]



Lymphatic system [Habdhiska dhareeriska]



Lymph nodes/lymph glands [Qanjillada dhareerrada]



Lymphatic vessel [Sixniga dhareerre]



Tonsils [Quman]



Adenoids [Dhanxanagga]



Thymus [Labxunsho]



Spleen [Beeryar]



Immunization/vaccine/shot [Tallaal]

·

Rotavirus [Bujujuqa carruurta]

·

Diphtheria [Gawracato]

·

Tetanus [Teetane]

·

Pertussis [Jix]

·

Haemophilus Influenzae [Fuluuda Hemofolis]

·

Polio/poliomyelitis [Booliyo]

·

Influenza/”flu” [Fuluu]

·

Varicella/chickenpox [Bus-bus]

·

Hepatitis [Cagaarshow]

·

Measles [Jadeeco]

·

Mumps/parotitis [Qaamaqashiir]

·

Rubella [Rubeella]

·

Meningococcal [Xabad-xanuun ba’an]

·

Pneumococcal [Xabad-wareen ba’an]



Antibody [Daaface]



Pathology

Antigen [Adkaysi-wale]



Anemia [Dhiig la’aan/yaraan]



Polycythemia [Unug dhiig koror]



Sickle cell disease [Sikal seel]



Thalassemia [Dhiig-badhxin]



Leukemia [Lukiimiya]



Lymphoma [Kansar-xangulle]



Hemophilia [Xinjiroobid la’aan la kala dhaxlo]



Thrombocythemia [Dhuux-dhiig]



Immunodeficiency [Adkaysi li’i]

·

HIV [HIV]

·

AIDS [AIDS]



Thymoma [Buro xuunsho]



Sistemic Lupus Erythematosus (Lupus) [Goosato]

·

Autoimmune [Adkaysi fallaagooba]



Tumor [Buro]

·

Benign [Wacan]

·

Malignant [Xun]



Cancer [Kansar]



Diagnosis

Metastasis [Ku balllaarasho cudur]



Complete blood count (CBC) [Unugyo dhiig cabbirid dhamaystiran]



Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP) [Dhiig-baar billow ah]



Blood typing [Kala garashada dhiigga]



Computerized Tomography (CT) [Jeebis raajaynta kumbiyuutarka]



Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) [ Sawiridda Sugnaanta Birlabeed/Em Aar Aay]



Treatment

Biopsy [Saamiyeyn]



Iron [Bir]



Folic acid [Foolig asiidh]



Blood transfusion [Dhiig ku shubid]



Bone marrow transplant [Dhuux ku shubid]



Pain medication [Daawo xanuun]



Radiotherapy [Raadiyoterabi/ shucaac ku daweyn]



Chemotherapy [kiimiyoterabi/kiimiko ku daweyn]



Terms

Surgery [Qalliin]



Baldness [Bidaaraysi]



Aspirate [Neef-jiidis]



Blood draw [Saami dhiig ka qaadis



Blood count [unugyo dhiig cabbiridda]



Bruise [Barbarar]



Coagulation [Dhafaajinta]



Dyalisis [Miiris]



Edema [Barar]



Hemoglobin [Himogolobiin]



Hemorrhage [Dhiig-bax]



Germs [Jeermiyo]



Immune system [Habdhiska adkaysiga]



Phlebotomist [Toobinle]



Sodium [Soodiyam]



Potassium [Botaashiyam]



Rh factor [Saameeyaha Rh]



Transfusion [Dhiig ku shubid]

MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

[HABDHISKA MURQAHA QALFOOFKA]

Anatomy



Muscle [Muruq]



Bone [Lafta]



Bone Marrow [Dhuuxa lafta]



Joint [Kala goys/laabato]

·

Cartilage [Isha jilibka]

·

Ligaments [Kala-goyska lafaha]

·

Synovial fluid [Hoor laabato]

·

Tendon [Qanjir dhareer]



Elbow [Suxul]



Wrist [Dhudhun]



Knee [Jilib]



Hip [Sin]



Shoulder [Garab]



Pathology

Ankle [Anqaw]



Stiffness [Tigtignaan]



Pulled muscle/Muscle strain [Muruq-go’]



Sprain {murgacasho]



Dislocation [Kala bax]



Fracture/Broken Bone [Laf jaban]



Arthritis [Tuf]

·

Osteoarthritis [Tuf-bujiso]

·

Rheumatoid arthritis [Tuf-riix]

·

Gout [Tuf-buro]

·

Pseudogout [Tuf silloon]



Bursitis [Hilib belbel]



Hernia [Eerno/sheelo]

·

Disk herniation [Lafdhabar daac]



Osteoporosis [Lafo-rifan]



Osteomyelitis [Lafo-caabuq]



Diagnosis

Backache [Dhabar xanuun]



Electromyogram (EMG) [Muruq-iyo-neerfe baarid]



Arthrocentesis [Kala goys hoor ka dhuuqid]



Treatment

Arthroscopy [Kala-goys la tacaalid]



Analgesics [Xanuun-tirayaal]



Reduction [laf-meelayn]



Splint [Kabay]



Sling [Nud]



Cast [Jeeso]



Rehabilitation [Dhaqan-celin]

·

Physical therapy [Daweyn duleed]

·

Occupational therapy [Daweyn hawleed]

·

Speech therapy [Daweyn hadal]



Terms

Arthroscopic surgery



Brace [Ilkaxaje]



Crutches [Qutubyo]



Hemorrhage [Dhiigbax]



Scoliosis [Qallooca lafdhabarta]



Reflexes [Geddoon]

NERVOUS SYSTEM

[HABDHISKA NEERFAYAASHA]

Anatomy



Nervous system [Habdhiska neerfayaasha]

·

Brain [Maskax]

·

Brain stem [Unugga maskaxda]

·

Spinal Cord [Daba-nicis]

·

Nerves [Neerfayaasha]



Meninges [Saab-neerfaha]



Spinal column [Cutub-xangul]



Vertebrae [Misig-xangul]



Pathology

Cerebellum [Maskax-qadaadka]



Meningitis [Minanjaytis]



Encephalitis [Maskax-belbel]



Neuritis [Neerfe-belbel]



Poliomyelitis/Polio [Booliyo]



Headaches [Madax-xanuun]



Migraine headaches [Madax-xanuun daran]



Convulsion/Seizure [Suuxdimo]



Epilepsy [Qallal]



Stroke [Istaroog]



Aneurysm [Halbowle fidsan]



Cerebral Palsy [Maskax-suux]



Mental retardation [Dawdarnimo]



Intracranial hemorrhage [Dhiig-bax madax]



Intracranial Hypertension [Dhiig-kac madax]



Hematoma [Gudefuran dhiig]



Abscess [Malax]



Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis [Maskax iyo xangulle tigle]



Diagnosis

Multiple Sclerosis [Bu’e]



Lumbar puncture [Soo dhuuqidda xangullada]



Cerebral spinal fluid [Hoorka xangullada]



Electroencephalogram (EEG) [Baaridda maayadda maskaxda]



Treatment

Angiography [Xanuun cabbirid]



Terms

Blood thinner/Anticoagulant medication [Dhiig khafiifshe]



Edema/Swelling [Badhah]



Embolus [Xidid xinjirow]



Infarction [Fallar]



Magnetic Resonance Angiography [Xanuun-cabbirka Sugnaanta Birlabeed]



Necrosis [Tifgo’]



Neuron[Nuuroon]



Paralysis [Baraalis]



Numbness [Kabuubyo]



Tingling [Shucayn]



Paralysis [Baraalis]



Skull [Lafta madaxa]



Thrombosis [Xinjidhoobid]



SKIN

[MAQAAR]

Anatomy

Transient Ischemic Attack [Istaroog ladhifan]



Skin [Maqaar]



Nail [Ciddi]



Hair [Timo]



Hair follicle



Sweat gland [Qanjirka dhididka]

·

Sweat [Dhidid]



Sebaceous gland [Qanjirka bu’laha]

·

Sebum [Dux-maqaar]



Epidermis [Lakabka maqaarka ee sare]



Dermis [Haragga dadka]



Pathology

Subcutaneous tissue [Tifaafta hoose]



Acne/Pimples/Zit/Blackheads [Finan]



Folliculitis [Sal-tin belbel]



Boils [Mudhax]



Callus [Haaro]



Corns [Haaro]



Burns [Dabab/gubasho]



Sun burn [Haragdhac]



Blister [Dulukh]



Bruise [Barar]



Birthmarks [Bar dabiici ah]



Bed sore/Pressure sore [Hambur cadaadis]



Scar [Nabar]



Cold sores/Fever blister [Hambur qandho]



Bugs [Tukhaanno]

·

Lice [Injiro]

·

Flea [Qandhicil]

·

Scabies [Boog isnadaamis]

·

Ticks [Joqofey]



Wart [boogeeye]



Dermatitis [Maqaar xanuun]



Eczema/Rash [Jeerar]



Hives [Shulacyo]



Impetigo [Maqaar-maral]



Psoriasis [Feex]



Diaper rash [Baqbaqa xafaayadda]



Fungal infection {Caabuq fangas]



Athlete’s foot [Lugur]



Skin cancer [Kansar maqaar]



Treatment

Melanoma [Kansarka maqaar qayiraha ah]



Bandages [Faashado]



Crioablation [Qawixid shucaac]



Terms

Electric ablation [Qawixid koranto]



Abrasion [Xoqid]



Itch [Cun-cunasho]



Scalp [Nadmis]



Scratch [Xagtin]



Shingles [Jaweey]

Wound [Boog]

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Posted by: Somali Linguists Network | April 18, 2009

Proofreading the Proofreader: Adam O’Hirsi

Proofreading the Proofreader is a short guide aimed at helping the active Somali linguists and proofreaders.

The paper will deal with common unnecessary corrections that Somali proofreaders make while proofreading documents translated by other Somali translators and/or linguists.

It will sum up the words and phrases in the Somali language that need to be corrected and common mistakes that take place when a proofreader ‘over-corrects’ an otherwise sound and flawless document.

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Posted in Proofread, Somali Linguists Network

Posted by: Somali Linguists Network | April 17, 2009

The Spread of Englomali: None of Either Languages

Many people in the social services, the government, and the private sector take for granted that every Somali speaks Somali.

This assumption is based on two not-exactly-true perceptions: a) that all Somalis speak Somali and b) a Somali in the West must have been born and raised in Somalia and must have picked his language up over there.

Well, Somalis speak as many as eight completely different languages in their own back-yard, while there are people of Somali origin here in the United States and Canada that have never been to anywhere else outside North America and therefore never have picked up any other language than English and/or French for that matter.

This wrong perception has led to the increase of interpreters (translation is off limits to them) that speak Englomali (English mixed with Somali).

to be continued…

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Posted in Somali Linguists Network

Posted by: Somali Linguists Network | April 17, 2009

Somali Translator/Interpreter Test: Adam O’Hirsi

The author of The Somali Court Interpreter, Somali for Icebreaking, and Proofreading the proofreader, Adam O’Hirsi, is developing a short and comprehensive Somali Translator test.

E-mail ohirsia@hotmail.com for further details.

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Posted in Somali Linguists Network

Posted by: Somali Linguists Network | April 16, 2009

Somali for Icebreaking: Adam O’Hirsi

Somali for Icebreaking

ohirsia@hotmail.com

Haye! bal iska warran

[Hi! How are you]

Sow ma wanaagsanid/Salam Aleikum

[You must be fine/ Salaam Aleykum]

Maga’aygu waa_____________________

[My name is________________________]

Adigu Maga’aa?

[What is you name?]

Hayyeh

[OK]

Ma takaan Ingireass?

[Do you speak English?]

Dhib ma leh

[No problem]

Aniguba ma akaan Af-Somali

[I don’t speak good Somali either]

Waan is fahmy doonnaa

[We will get along]

Waan gartay

[I get it/ I understand]

Wahann u shakeeyyaa__________________

[I work for____________________________]

Wahann degganahay___________________

[I live in______________________________]

Hagge ku hanuunaissa?

[Where do you hurt?]

Mahann kuu kabtaa?

[What can I do for you?]

Tartiib iigu sheeg

[Tell me slowly]

Ma akann Af-Somali bathan

[I am not fluent in Somali]

Laakiin waa je’lahay inann barto

[But I love to learn it]

Waan sii bahayyaa

[I will be leaving]

Mahatsanid

[Thank you]

Nabathei

[Good bye]

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Posted in Somali Linguists Network

Posted by: Somali Linguists Network | April 16, 2009

The Somali Court Interpreter: An Overwiew

About the Book

Since Legalese -the language of law- which includes a lot of Roman, some Latin, and a lot of very old English, is used in the court system of the major English-speaking countries, any interpreter in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, knows extremely well that a precise interpretation in the legal settings does not come easy.

The Somali Court Interpreter is therefore intended to be used as a quick, on-the-feet, in-front-of-the judge/magistrate reference by the English-Somali everyday court interpreters in the U.S., U.K., Canada, and Australia.

In the compilation of the glossary part of the book, great lengths have been gone to select the regularly used legal lingo and phrases in order to anticipate and offset any legal terminology challenge that can cause the court interpreter (s) to scratch their heads, feel helpless and embarrassed, bring the proceedings to a standstill, or – worse and most perilous – guess and interpret according to the context.

The other parts of the book give the interpreters a simple and succinct idea on how they must conduct themselves while interpreting in courts, depositions, prison facilities, police interrogations, etc.; what are acceptable and what are not; and how must they react to the emergence of certain situations.

The book is the first and only of its kind and this, among its other qualities are what make The Somali Court Interpreter a Must-have for every Somali Court Interpreter in the United States of America, United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia.

About the Author

Adam Ibrahim O’Hirsi, AwXirsi for short, an American of Somali origin, has been an interpreter/translator for almost all his entire adult life. He had worked with the United Nations, International Rescue Committee, CARE International, and many others as an interpreter and language consultant.

Besides the Master’s Degree in Management & Leadership, AwXirsi also holds a Virtual Diploma [Shahadat-wa-Jaza] in Islamic/Sufism History.

At an early age, AwXirsi attended the famous Koranic School of late Moallim Ahmed Sarmaale of Sarinley. During this period, He participated the Halaqas (teaching circles) of Sayid Warsame’s Her followers.

For over five years [2000-2005) AwXirsi had worked as a Somali/Maay-Maay Court Interpreter in Columbus, Ohio’s Municipal, Juvenile, and Common Pleas Courts. He also taught English at Columbus State Community College for three years.

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Domicile That place where a person has his true and permanent home. A person may have several residences, but only one domicile

Degaan dhab ah Meesha uu qof ku leeyahay hoygiisa joogtada ah. Qofku wuxuu deggenaan karaa dhawr meelood hal mar ah, balse waa in uu jiraa hal degaan oo joogto ah.

Double jeopardy Common law and constitutional prohibition (5th Amendment of the U.S. constitution) against more than one prosecution for the same crime.

Khatar laba-laaban Sharci caam ah; Mamnuucid qaanuuni ah (Kabitaanka 5aad ee qaanuunka araykanka) oo diidaysa in eedaysane hal dembi ah laba goor loo ciqaab mariyo.

Drug abuse State of chronic or periodic intoxication, detrimental to the individual and to society.

Mukhaadaraad si xun u isticmaalid Si aan caafimaadka u fiicnayn oo sharci jabin ah makhaadaraad/daroogo loo isticmaalo. Maandooriye si khaldan loo isticmaalo oo qofka isticmaalyaa dhibaato u horseedi kara Bulshadna halis ku keeni kara.

Due process The guarantee of due process requires that no person be deprived of life, liberty, or property without a fair and adequate process. In criminal proceedings (as well as juvenile) this guarantee includes the fundamental aspects of a fair trial, including the right to adequate notice in advance of the trial, the right to counsel, the right to produce witnesses (and, if necessary to have the court order those witnesses to appear through the use of subpoenas), the right to confront and cross- examine witnesses, the right to refuse to give self-incriminating testimony, and the right to have all elements of the crime proven beyond a reasonable doubt.

Hannaanka dawga ah/Xaqa sharci ee qof walbaa leeyahay In la xaqiijiyo helitaanka uu qof helay xuquuqdiisa; waxay u baahan tahay in la hubiyo in aan cidna laga qaadi karin naftiisa, xornimadiisa, ama hantidiisa, tiiyoo aan la marinin hannaan sharci oo waafi ah; cadli hufan oo ku filan leh. <

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Posted in Somali Linguists Network

Posted by: Somali Linguists Network | August 12, 2008

Translated Somali Literature: Wise Old Nomads [IT]

Sheikh Axmad Gole was an erudite scholar, renowned throughout the Somali lands, particularly Western Somalia, for his understanding of religion. But when old age got to him, he was asked about his state and he replied thus: